Category Archives: Misc

(SCENE) Unveiling

(SCENE) Metrospace re-opened to the public last Friday evening with a kick-off reception for its debut show under MSU/AAHD management entitled Place in Proximity. I attended. Given all my yammering on the topic, I felt that it was only right that I go and see it for myself.

I don’t often go to openings unless I’m working them, but I wanted to be there for this one. It was 6:00-8:00 PM and I was there for a little more than an hour (roughly 6:10-7:20). I give the time/duration, because I thought it odd that I saw no one I recognized from City staff, City Council, and/or the press. But I guess that’s understandable. As I reiterated in my remarks before City Council last week, the City wanted to get rid of the space (i.e., “get out of the curating business”) and didn’t much consider the divestiture too important. (In my remarks, I voiced various concerns detailed on this blog before the opening, particularly regarding submission fees and charged “special programming.”) The so-called partnership between COEL and MSU is one in which the City pays and the university plays. After all, not many landlords attend their tenants’ housewarming parties.

[It’s worth emphasizing, again, that my core frustration is with the City. COEL offered this — total control over a rent- and utility-free space — to MSU on a silver platter.]

I would’ve written about the opening sooner but the last week was tiresome. Besides, I was rather curious what else would be written about it first. However, I was surprised to see that no non-MSU entity covered the event. Today a local Fox affiliate ran a story, but it was just a re-post from MSU Today, an online publication. The only other news outlet to cover it was MSU’s State News. (If you look carefully, I believe you can see one of my ears in a photo. Cool.) Nothing else.

Oh well…

Some thoughts on the actual substance at hand, including credit where credit is due:
• The space is much improved. I never thought one would describe (SCENE) as beautiful, but it arguably is now. There’s a nice new floor and the walls are freshly painted. It appeared as if a couple of the standalone walls were movable depending on the show, which could help change things up spatially with each visit. The window graphics are particularly nice. No more paper flyers. As I wrote and stated many times before, I had little doubt that AAHD would run a fine visual art space. (It’s just that the venue was previously more than that.)
• Given the layout for Place in Proximity, if other shows are similar in floor design, I don’t quite see how a performance before an audience of more than ~20 would be feasible. Would such special programming only occur on weeks between shows?
• The AAHD Chair included in his public remarks bits about community engagement and year-round accessibility.
• The show itself was pretty good. Interesting work from a variety of regional artists.
• Simply as an observer with no other context of the politicking up to this point, it was a pleasurable experience.

I consider this post, like last week’s talk before Council, to be the last gasp of my regular “coverage” of this, at least until summer 2016 (when the space should, as I understand it, remain fully operational). I’ll of course be keeping up on new shows, developments, and special programming. It’s sad to see this whole mess go quietly into the night, but so it is. In City politics its spirit lives on through various talking points…

 

 

FYI: Branching Out II

As mentioned here, the blog is branching out some via some cross-publication content. The MT-Headed Blog coup is finally taking shape! Or something like that…

Similar to the East Lansing Info-related content, I’ll be publishing some posts here that can be found in different forms elsewhere. In this case, it’s Matt Borghi‘s The Sound Traveler Podcast. Regular readers or visitors (who may not read all the posts) know Matt as my friend and partner in musical crime. His podcast has been going strong for several months. For lack of a better term, it’s a behind the scenes look at Matt’s musical interests, processes, catalogue, influences, new finds, and more. In that regard, it’s not that much different than the format of this blog, only with Matt at the center and via spoken sound and audio clips. The Sound Traveler Podcast is eclectic and compelling, and it hits the web-waves weekly.

(I myself have kicked around the idea of doing a podcast of sorts since 2010 or so, but never seriously pursued it. On my own, I figured I’d do the blog or a podcast, but I opted to stick with this legacy format.)

All that said, I’ve already joined Matt for a couple of episodes (here and here), the second of which was a complementary episode to the last post. The former episode —  featuring a Borghi | Teager triptych (discussion en route to gig, portions of the gig, discussion returning home) — includes my going on a jag about the NEA Jazz Masters and referencing this post.

Looking forward, I’ll write some occasional posts here to coincide with my some of my contributions there when appropriate. The next instance will be the post immediately following this one, a “New Listen” on David Torn’s only sky. Admittedly it’s not the finest vocal work, as it’s the first time I recorded speaking an album review (with skeletal notes while hopped up on caffeine in the middle of the night). But I’ll hopefully get my sea legs before too long.

 

Pat Metheny’s ‘Hommage à Eberhard Weber’ Live at Detroit Jazz Festival

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Pat Metheny‘s Hommage à Eberhard Weber received its North American debut Monday evening in the Motor City. The new work, a mixed-media tribute to the German bassist featuring big band and sampled video, closed out the 2015 Detroit Jazz Festival on the main stage. Hommage was premiered in Stuttgart, Germany in January 2015 at a concert honoring Weber, which he attended, and also serves as the title track of the upcoming ECM release due out this Friday 09.11.15.

Pat Metheny, particularly over the last decade or so, has been treating listeners to new sonic adventures, be it with his symphony-length The Way Up for the Pat Metheny Group, his orchestrion project (both solo or incorporated into the Unity Group), and now this inventive big band composition. Weber, who’s been unable to perform since a 2007 stroke, sounds and feels musically alive and well in this new work.

On a selfish note, I was happy to have Metheny bring the name, image, and sounds of Weber to the Detroit Jazz Festival, which is often North American-centric (understandably so, to a degree) and doesn’t often feature the Northern European jazz aesthetic. I made the trek with friend, collaborator, and fellow ECM fan Matt Borghi. (We recorded some pre- and post-show comments and discussion for a forthcoming episode of his Sound Traveler Podcast due out this week. Link here.)

The piece is unique and its performance was unlike anything I’ve seen in a jazz setting. Analogous attempts have been made in other styles, particularly in Zappa Plays Zappa, which has featured Dweezil Zappa playing transcriptions of his father’s guitar solos visually accompanied by projections of his father executing the original. But that’s in more of a reproductive, canonical context. In Hommage, Metheny uses samples of Weber’s unaccompanied improvised solos as launching pads for both composition and improvisation, resulting in an entirely new work. (Rather than an orchestration of Weber’s ideas or something else similarly derivative.) Metheny writes in the album’s liner notes:

It came to me that it would be interesting to take the idea of sampling one step further; to find video elements of Eberhard improvising and then reorganize, chop, mix and orchestrate elements of those performances together into a new composition with a large projection of the Eberhard moments that I chose filling a screen behind us as we performed. It seemed like a new way to compose for me that would almost take the form of visual sampling.

Reading about it and seeing footage – my photograph above or the official video trailer below – don’t quite do it justice, as this is a composition that is meant to be seen as well as heard. Reading the descriptions, I was intrigued going into the performance, but what I saw was much greater than the sum of its already impressive parts. Metheny was backed by the Detroit Jazz Festival Big Band (featuring regional heavies) and shared the spotlight with vibraphonist Gary Burton, drummer Danny Gottlieb, bassist Scott Colley, conductor Alan Broadbent, and of course the footage, spirit, and sound of bassist Eberhard Weber.

The work is largely in four sections:
I. Emerging from silence, winds, cymbals, guitar, and Weber build thick sonic textures and dense harmonies, giving way to Weber’s plucked solo ostinato. The big band is then off at a healthy moderato, with guitar and vibes taking the melodic and soloistic reins. Even when quicker and rhythmic, the winds offer more textural than melodic support here.
II. Some building arco passages then transition to a more burning section, led again by a plucked ostinato from Weber. Here Metheny takes us into more “big band-friendly” territory, offering ample room for Metheny to shred with his trademark affected tone — it’s almost Pat Metheny Group Big Band featuring Eberhard Weber. The band transitions out of this part with the instrumental sections rhythmically punctuating against one another, eventually blending into the more textural elements from the beginning.
III. Weber & co. then lead us into a folk-like romp, with Metheny quickly strumming on the hollow body a la 80/81‘s “Two Folk Songs.” Here, Scott Colley shines in the spotlight dueling in call-and-response fashion with a digital Weber. And, amazingly, like the rest of this piece, it works. It doesn’t feel forced or like the band is “playing to a track.” It all melds together into one cohesive unit. A frenetic drum solo by Gottlieb then leads us to the final chapter.
IV. Much like the beginning, the big band is more textural here, while Weber melodically solos atop. The digital Weber has acted more as musical director and bassist until this point, but he’s the featured soloist to close, which makes this Hommage a very fitting and tasteful tribute.

Metheny mentions in the liner notes that he hadn’t scored for big band in decades. Well, could’ve fooled me. It’s a very well-written work. Furthermore, I can’t express enough just how well all the parts come together. Seeing and hearing Weber within the piece really made him feel like a genuine part of the performance. Bravo to Pat Metheny on a job well done.

The soloists and ensemble gave a commanding and cohesive performance. I could be wrong, but it appeared as if there was a quick skip/glitch in the video feed near the transition from the first to the second sections, but everyone quickly adjusted and got back on the same page. Perhaps it wasn’t a glitch and there was just a natural hiccup to overcome in the Weber track; hard to tell. (Speaking from my own experiences performing the music of Jakob ter Veldhuis, I can attest to the difficulty of performing composed works with tape, particularly when the samples aren’t always “exact” in certain sections.) The mix itself was mediocre at best, but that had nothing to do with the performers nor the composition.*

I’m very glad I saw this piece live, the performance of which I’m sure will be a rarity going forward. I really hope ECM considers releasing a video of the Eberhard Weber tribute concert from Stuttgart in January so that more people will have an opportunity to see this work as well as hear it. But until then, check out the audio, and the rest of the concert (featuring a host of other musicians including Jan Garbarek) when it hits the shelves this Friday.

*Having seen many DJF concerts on that same stage, I’m surprised that the mix wasn’t MUCH better. Quest, a quartet, was much louder than this full ensemble, for instance.

[Photo by yours truly]

(SCENE) Update

Another brief update. If nothing else, AAHD’s maiden exhibition opening under its new Spartan-branded (SCENE) is almost two weeks away, so I figured it’d be worth maintaining some momentum before what I assume will be a sizable PR push begins.

Not too much has occurred since my last post, save an article in City Pulse that was published days after. (It was set to run before I wrote that entry, which I was informed of between the original post and the next day’s update.) I haven’t posted anything since because, frankly, I became rather disgusted with and disheartened by the whole (SCENE) situation for various reasons both on and off the record, and the posts seemed futile at best. But I’ve accepted that, while I don’t want to be seen solely as “the voice of the opposition,” someone needs to provide some healthy public skepticism. If nothing else, I can take take consolation in the fact that shortly after this post the windows were papered over and signs were posted.

scenerenosign(Photo taken 07.25.15 by yours truly. The sign reads, “Closed for renovations. (SCENE) Metrospace will reopen in September 2015 with a new exhibition. Please direct inquiries to scene@msu.edu.” MSU/AAHD info at bottom.)

After all, I’ve been consistent, clear, and public regarding my wishes for (SCENE) to continue to be a thriving space for all of the arts while being conducted and managed transparently. And, hopefully, for it to continue to be a community resource.

From the aforementioned City Pulse article, some noteworthy nuggets:
1. Much needed cosmetic work is being done to the space. That’s good; it needed the work.
– I’m curious: how is AAHD footing that bill? (I imagine it’s a fair amount.) Beyond the cost of printing promotional materials, I wonder if either the submission fees or the admission charges for “special programming” will go towards recouping these expenses?
2. AAHD Chair Chris Corneal seemed to telegraph an overture regarding non-visual arts programming beyond the six to eight annual performances exclusively by MSU students & faculty.
– I’m guessing this is the call for proposals? Note that it mentions proposals being accepted year-round. (The (SCENE) section of the AAHD website now has more info, though this isn’t on the standalone (SCENE) website.)
– Is this the “special programming” discussed before?
– Notably, the call states, “Please note that at this time we cannot host events in the space that have charged admission.” (If so, how does that jive with the other “special programming” described here that was a focus of my last post and update.)
– This call info is new to me and I have many thoughts on it, but I’d like to sit with it some more.
3. “Community engagement” continues to be touted. Interestingly, the (SCENE) site even now includes a “Community” page.
– Still, to me, the way all the “community” discussion reads, “open to the community” doesn’t necessarily include any aspect of being “of the community” or “by the community.”
[4. The blog was quoted in print. A first. Victory! I saved a copy for my scrapbook.]

Separately, (SCENE) remains an occasional talking point at City Council meetings. A small but noticeable element. I’m glad it wasn’t a fluke.

Needless to say, I wonder how this all will shake out. I look forward to the Sept. 18 opening of Place in Proximity, which I hope to attend (depending on child care)…

IMG_2084(Photo taken 09.01.15 by yours truly. Exhibition poster for Place in Proximity. And my son’s reflection strikes again.)

Music & Mirth: Contemporary Music Potluck

[DISCLAIMER: As noted here, this is an alternate, lengthier version of my report published by East Lansing Info. Consequently, this post features, in parts, a more “formal” style than is typical for this blog.]

Last Saturday 08.08.15, I attended a concert that was so geographically close and yet so environmentally far from East Lansing’s Great Lakes Folk Festival and the neighboring Lansing Jazz Fest. In the shadows of these competing annual mainstays, another day-long musical event was taking place in a quiet Hunter Park-adjacent Lansing neighborhood: the Contemporary Music Potluck.

Being an all-day event, I could only attend a few hours between childcare responsibilities and hitting the road for a Borghi | Teager gig in Rochester, MI.

The Contemporary Music Potluck was created, organized, and hosted by my friend David McCarthy, a Lansing-area native who is now a Ph.D. candidate in musicology at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. (Though now dormant, his largely evergreen blog is great if you have the time.) At work on his dissertation, he’s been back in the area for about a year. Having been inspired by intimate performances he’s attended at both small venues and private homes in LA, Harlem, and Brooklyn, McCarthy decided to host a concert at his home he shares with his younger brother Colin, an undergraduate at Michigan State University.

Earlier this year, David told me of his plans to possibly start hosting occasional musical events at his home. If I remember correctly, we’d been discussing the paucity of intellectually stimulating non-canonical concerts and other events outside of the local academic systems (and to some degree within them). (I believe one anecdote we discussed was a local contemporary music concert in which the ensemble all but apologized to the audience for performing an abstract contemporary piece…) In describing his intentions, he envisioned a day of stimulating performances broken up by food and socializing, but outside of an academy or another hosting or patronizing institution. The Contemporary Music Potluck was just that. Performances and rehearsals occurred in the living room, with a couple rows of chairs and assorted seating branching out in different directions. Instruments, cases, stands, sheet music, technical equipment, food, utensils, and plates were scattered about. The kitchen, backyard, porch, and deck all acted as both lobby and green room, with performers and observers mingling throughout. Attendees came from as far as Cleveland, OH and Rochester, NY, and Minot, ND, with performers representing a variety of music programs throughout the Midwest and into the East Coast. The schedule was as follows:
9:00 AM: Breakfast for performers
10:00 AM: Open rehearsal
12:00 PM: Introduction and small ensemble recital
1:30 PM: Potluck lunch
3:00 PM: Solo recital, Dr. James Fusik
4:30 PM: Large ensemble recital

The first recital, which I unfortunately couldn’t attend, featured two duos. Violinist Dr. Isoa Chapman and double-bassist Spencer Phillips performed Krzysztof Penderecki’s Duo Concertante, and Chapman and pianist Meghan Schaut performed Arvo Pärt’s Fratres. (One performer had to back out due to illness, otherwise works by Luciano Berio and György Kurtág would’ve also been presented.) While McCarthy oversaw the event, the first recital was programmed by East Lansing resident and MSU alumnus Isoa Chapman. Chapman is an active performer and teaches for the Marshall Music Strings Program.

The featured performance was the solo recital by saxophonist Dr. James Fusik, a Muskegon, MI native who is now Assistant Professor of Woodwinds at Minot State University in Minot, ND. (Jim and I have been friends for years, having met in a high school honors orchestra and later attended CMU together with David.) He performed Ravi Kittappa’s KUBA for tenor saxophone and electronics, Marilyn Shrude’s Trope for tenor saxophone and tape, Fredrick Gifford’s MOBILE 2014 for solo soprano saxophone, and finally Giacinto Scelsi’s Tre Pezzi for solo soprano saxophone. Tre Pezzi was the oldest piece on Fusik’s program (1956) by at least a half century, and two of the works (KUBA and MOBILE 2014) were written for the performer. Fusik’s commanding performance of the difficult and varied literature was a nice representation of contemporary music, ranging from the experimental use of electronics and extended instrumental techniques in KUBA – the world premiere of which he gave in France last month – to the at times more melodic passages in Trope and Tre Pezzi.

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(Pictured above: Fusik solo recital performance)

The day’s final recital featured a performance of selected pieces from Christian Wolff’s Exercises, a series of works that Wolff has written since the 1970s that now numbers in the thirties. The Exercises may be performed by any instruments or combination thereof so long as there are at least two performers. The CMP large ensemble – including flute, clarinet, saxophone, bassoon, violin, bass, assorted percussion – performed Exercises 3, 5, 6, and 14, which were all published in ’73-4. The performers included the aforementioned Chapman, Phillips, and Fusik as well as McCarthy on clarinet and percussion, Aaron Gilbert on bassoon, Paul Jacob Mizzi on flute, and Dr. Jessica Narum on percussion. For variation, Mizzi and Gilbert performed Exercise 5 as a duet, having prepared it in advance.

I asked McCarthy why he chose Wolff for the final recital and he responded, “I wanted a piece for any instrumentation (I didn’t know in advance how many musicians I would be able to recruit or what instruments they would play), and I knew that we would need to be able to put something together with no more than a 90-minute rehearsal.” Beyond practical considerations, McCarthy felt that the piece encapsulated the event. “I realized it was perfect for what I was trying to do—in some ways, the pieces seem to have been designed with an event like the Potluck specifically in mind. They’re challenging to perform successfully. However, the challenge is not to your chops, per se, but to your musical intelligence, your ability to listen to others and to make creative decisions on the fly in a collaborative situation.”

cmp_ensemble
(Pictured above: discussion before large ensemble performance)

Overall, the CMP lived up to McCarthy’s expectations. People came and went throughout the day, with a best guess of approximately 50 attendees throughout the day. (“We used up all 48 plastic forks.”) As for regrets, he said, “My biggest regret is that we weren’t able to get anyone under 18 to perform… The Saturday afternoon potluck makes the event family friendly, but you have to be more than friendly if you want to really engage people.”

McCarthy hopes to host CMP 2 in February, with another “every six to twenty-four months.” He hopes to build on the momentum of and connections made at CMP to help overcome the financial overhead. He wrote to me, “The biggest challenge will always be recruiting the musicians and, for at least as long as I’m based out of a small town like Lansing, paying for their travel. We were lucky this time to have people who were able to get here on their own dime. But I do want to have a mechanism to get the ‘local community,’ whatever that might be, paying for some plane tickets [for artists].”

I could only attend the afternoon events, unfortunately. However, what I attended was great. I was surprised and pleased to see old friends, more recent acquaintances, and strangers alike come together for a “salon” of sorts at which fellowship and ideas could be freely shared, connections could be made (though not in a sterile “networking” manner), and thought-provoking music enjoyed in a comfortable, mindful environment. As an observer/attendee, I consider that a true success. My only regret/complaint is that I couldn’t attend the whole day’s festivities.

(Photos by yours truly.)

—–
Q&A: Below is an interview — lightly edited — that I conducted with David via email after the day after the event. Some info is included in the above report, but I found his answers to be very much worth publishing in full, particularly the final paragraph.

MT: What inspired you to create and host the Contemporary Music Potluck?
DM: A few great performances at casual events in small venues or private homes allowed me to see how well contemporary music works in that sort of space. Peter Yates of UCLA hosts an annual Summer Solstice Party in his Los Angeles home, and I was lucky enough to be invited to one of them in 2013 by my colleague, a brilliant musician in the fullest sense of the term, Alexandra Grabarchuk. I had also seen James and his Color Field Ensemble host some events in a Harlem basement as part of a series called Permutations. And the great folks at the Panoply Performance Lab in Brooklyn do most of their events in very small spaces scattered somewhere along that horizontal grey line they call the “L.”

MT: Who helped you put together and host the event, if anyone?
DM: It was a potluck, so I can say more literally than sentimentally that everyone there helped to put together the event. But I owe especially big thanks to Isoa Chapman and James Fusik who programmed the main recitals and recruited many of the musicians, to my brother Colin McCarthy, who agreed to open our home and who ran all kinds of errands for me, and to Josh and Shan Soma, who prepared the pulled pork and the baked beans and who took charge of seeing that everything went smoothly with the food service all day long.

MT: How did you decide the lineup and selection of pieces (including Wolff’s Exercises)? How did you get in touch with the various performers?
DM: First I contacted James and got him to agree to program a recital for himself. Then I sent out a Call For Performers and asked people to propose recitals or portions of recitals. I retained veto power, but didn’t have to use it. In one case, I nudged a performer away from a piece I didn’t think would make the best addition to the day, but that felt to me more like a critical discussion than like me doing the programming.

The Wolff Exercises were programmed by me, and it took a little bit of work to settle on them. I knew that I wanted a piece for any instrumentation (I didn’t know in advance how many musicians I would be able to recruit or what instruments they would play), and I knew that we would need to be able to put something together with no more than a 90-minute rehearsal. Initially I proposed a performance of Terry Riley’s In C, which is still something I would like to do someday. But it really seemed as though we needed at least fifteen performers for that piece, and for this first event, we weren’t quite able to reach that number. I had been listening to a great recording of the Exercises called Ten Exercises put out by New World Records, and the more I listened to it, the more I realized it was perfect for what I was trying to do—in some ways, the pieces seem to have been designed with an event like the Potluck specifically in mind. They’re challenging to perform successfully. However, the challenge is not to your chops, per se, but to your musical intelligence, your ability to listen to others and to make creative decisions on the fly in a collaborative situation. My brother helped me get my hands on a score in a timely fashion, I selected seven for consideration—they’re extremely varied, and I tried to give people a sense of that—and in rehearsal, we whittled them down to four (3, 5, 6, and 14). They reward precisely the sort of sensibility I’d like people to cultivate, and I hope to revisit them before too long.

MT: What were your expectations going in, and how did yesterday’s CMP live up to those? Approximately how many attendees were there throughout the day?
DM: I’d say the event pretty much lived up to my expectations. I wanted to have a group of people from very different walks of life, which we did, and I wanted to see at least a few people I didn’t know, which I did. Hopefully people will spread the word so that in the future we can have even more diversity.

It would be nice to find some better ways to engage children, especially children in my neighborhood. My biggest regret is that we weren’t able to get anyone under 18 to perform. I need to think about how to deal with that challenge. I don’t necessarily want to do a “children’s concert,” but there are probably some strategies I haven’t considered. The Saturday afternoon potluck makes the event family friendly, but you have to be more than friendly if you want to really engage people.

I’d say that at any given point, we probably never had much more than about 30-40 people on the premises. But there was a fair amount of coming and going, which I was glad for: it gave the event a festive atmosphere, and I had tried to facilitate that sort of movement by posting a schedule in advance. In total, there were probably something like 50 people who dropped in over the course of the day (we used up all 48 plastic forks). We have room in the house for more than that, but it was a good number to start out with.

MT: Where did the attendees and performers come from?
DM: Some of the musicians were recruited through a network of personal acquaintances. I knew Isoa, and he recruited Meghan Schaut and Spencer Phillips. Others responded to a Call For Performers I emailed to representatives of the major music departments within about a 150-mile radius: Aaron Gilbert and Paul Jacob Mizzi are BGSU undergrads who responded to the CFP. Colin is an undergraduate at MSU. Isoa and Meghan are working musicians based out of East Lansing and Grand Rapids respectively. Spencer is doing graduate work at the Eastman School of Music.
[MT: NOTE: He didn’t mention James because the three of us are personal friends. That needn’t have been “researched.”]

MT: What are your future plans for CMP, if any? Do you hope to host another? Do you envision it becoming a series of sorts, even if only occasionally?
DM: I’m already testing the waters for a Contemporary Music Potluck 2 in February. I’m hoping to raise some funds to buy paper supplies to program Benjamin Patterson’s Paper Piece, and a few people have already expressed interest in programming a recital. I’ll send out another Call For Performers sometime in the early fall (I’m hoping to reach people filled with optimism at the start of an academic year). In the long term, I’d like to try to do at least one Potluck every six to twenty-four months, and I’d be excited if people who liked the model would adapt it to their own purposes. It could be done anywhere there was a little space, a few chairs, and a kitchen. I like the idea of numbering them (CMP, CMP2, etc.). It appeals to the acquisitive spirit in me.

The biggest challenge will always be recruiting the musicians and, for at least as long as I’m based out of a small town like Lansing, paying for their travel. We were lucky this time to have people who were able to get here on their own dime. I have no interest in making this a “profitable venture” for either myself or the musicians. That’s not how the economics of contemporary music works, I don’t really think that’s how it should work, and if it ever does work that way, it will be because we’re living in a completely different society from the one we currently inhabit. As far as our current society goes, we have institutions which are supposed to be patronizing contemporary music—whether they’re doing a very good job is something to debate, but that’s what they’re supposed to be doing—and I’m extremely skeptical of the whole “start-up” ethos among certain members of our generation. But I do want to have a mechanism to get the “local community,” whatever that might be, paying for some plane tickets. It’s the twenty-first century. Local scenes need to be enriching themselves using the marvels of jet travel.